meloidogyne incognita morphology

Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) has also been reported as a host, but details about the host-parasite relationship are scant (Swai, 1981; Bridge, 1984; Campos and Villain, 2005), and Whitehead reported that coffee was resistant to this species (Whitehead, 1969). Eisenback,J.D., & Vieira,P. Among the Meloidogyne spp. No mixed populations were present in the samples. M. incognita juveniles collected from infested aubergine plants were inoculated on pot-grown cotton cv. Unlike most species of root-knot nematodes, feeding cells of M. kikuyensis appear to be formed by the dissolution of cell walls that contribute to the makeup of the enlarged giant cells (Dodge, 2014). The morphology of the stylet is unique for the species, but spicule morphology is similar to that of other species in the genus. Identification Of Nematodes And Morphological Characterization Of Meloidogyne Incognita Associated With Solanum Lycopersicum L. In The Ashanti, Brong Ahafo And Upper East Regions of Ghana The dome-shaped head cap is set-off from the regular body annulation. C: LM of a whole specimen with attached gelatinous matrix secreted by the six rectal gland cells. Lateral lips are present in most males, but absent in some. Europa) was used as model system. Light (LM) and scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of females of Meloidogyne kikuyensis De Grisse, 1961. The anatomy of the ovary is similar in structure to several other early branching species (M. ichinoei M. africana and M. mali (Chizhov, 1981; Triantaphyllou, 1990; Toon et al., 2017). Root-Knot nematodes (RKN) are one of the most damaging groups of plant-parasitic nematodes capable of attacking a wide range of crop plants as well as many weed species. The pharyngeal glands are variable in shape and size, but usually have one nucleated dorsal gland lobe and two nucleated sub-ventral gland lobes. This species was originally described parasitizing kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Höchst.) For the ITS1 region yielded a fragment of 500 bp, including both partial regions of the 18S rRNA region and the 5.8S region (MN634198). Based on morphology, esterase phenotypes, and species-specific characterized amplified region (SCAR) sequence, the causal agent was identified as Meloidogyne incognita. B: Slightly swollen post-infective sedentary second-stage juvenile. Use of mixtures of urea and blackstrap molasses for control of root-knot nematodes in soil. (2020).Additional notes on the morphology and molecular data of the Kikuyu root-knot nematode. 1A窶鼎). Perineal patterns were made as described by Hartman and Sasser (1985) and observed according to Eisenback (2010). 200 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 203 /H [ 2170 596 ] /L 603656 /E 103570 /N 10 /T 599537 >> endobj xref 200 76 0000000016 00000 n 0000001889 00000 n 0000002028 00000 n 0000002766 00000 n 0000003358 00000 n 0000003411 00000 n 0000003577 00000 n 0000003811 00000 n 0000003943 00000 n 0000004160 00000 n 0000004375 00000 n 0000004771 00000 n 0000005205 00000 n 0000005319 00000 n 0000005529 00000 n 0000005591 00000 n 0000005683 00000 n 0000005706 00000 n 0000006106 00000 n 0000006217 00000 n 0000006434 00000 n 0000006650 00000 n 0000007371 00000 n 0000007930 00000 n 0000008017 00000 n 0000008230 00000 n 0000008614 00000 n 0000008827 00000 n 0000009940 00000 n 0000009963 00000 n 0000010212 00000 n 0000010438 00000 n 0000010655 00000 n 0000011198 00000 n 0000011417 00000 n 0000012502 00000 n 0000012525 00000 n 0000013705 00000 n 0000013728 00000 n 0000014905 00000 n 0000014928 00000 n 0000016096 00000 n 0000016119 00000 n 0000017285 00000 n 0000017308 00000 n 0000018504 00000 n 0000018526 00000 n 0000022677 00000 n 0000043713 00000 n 0000043736 00000 n 0000043760 00000 n 0000043782 00000 n 0000043804 00000 n 0000048782 00000 n 0000048805 00000 n 0000048827 00000 n 0000049027 00000 n 0000049047 00000 n 0000049069 00000 n 0000061996 00000 n 0000062020 00000 n 0000062042 00000 n 0000067614 00000 n 0000067637 00000 n 0000068709 00000 n 0000068736 00000 n 0000068763 00000 n 0000068790 00000 n 0000068914 00000 n 0000068941 00000 n 0000068968 00000 n 0000068995 00000 n 0000069121 00000 n 0000069145 00000 n 0000002170 00000 n 0000002744 00000 n trailer << /Size 276 /Info 155 0 R /Encrypt 202 0 R /Root 201 0 R /Prev 599526 /ID[<7c992faa587552f604edf51e4952d2d3><7c992faa587552f604edf51e4952d2d3>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 201 0 obj << /Pages 157 0 R /Type /Catalog /FICL:AgfaRipTrap 158 0 R /JT 159 0 R /FICL:Enfocus 197 0 R /Outlines 153 0 R >> endobj 202 0 obj << /Filter /Standard /R 2 /O ([�t}JOZ��1Fo$\\|{u�K���� �2���F) /U (K��P��Q�4�u��l\n_%:r�-���Dk^) /P -60 /V 1 >> endobj 274 0 obj << /S 484 /O 689 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 275 0 R >> stream Root infestation is usually much greater on light-textured soils. are the most important plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide, with most temperate and tropical crops suffering yield losses from one or more species of Meloidogyne. The phylogenetic tree was deduced by maximum likelihood (ML) analysis with the HKY model and 1,000 bootstrap replicates (only values of bootstrap above 60% are shown). Males have a not offset head with an elevated labial disc without lateral lips (usually). Scanning electron micrographs of the anterior end of males of Meloidogyne kikuyensis De Grisse, 1961. The stylet is nearly straight and the knobs are rounded, sometimes indented anteriorly, and the surface is somewhat irregular. A differential host test for identifying the M. incognita race infecting vegetables in West Bengal, India, was conducted. Single egg mass population of M. incognita reared in tomato was inoculated to five different plants viz., tobacco, … The stoma is slit-like. Pusa Ruby. Onkendi et al. Meloidogyne incognita, Radopholus similis, and Pratylenchus sp. Although these cells were observed in a number of eggs, not enough specimens were available to follow these cells through the development of the egg. VOLUME M. enterolobii, a sedentary endoparasite, has very similar morphology as other species of Meloidogyne.The perineal patterns, male stylet length values (smaller for M. enterolobii than M. incognita) and J2 tail length values (greater for M. enterolobii than M. incognita) of M. enterolobii isolates from Florida are useful … According to Eisenback ( 2010 ) in areas with hot climates or short winters are for. The crop, causing formation of giant cells sequence of Hirschmanniella mucronata were used both COII-16S ITS1. Clandestinum Hochst mg ML –1 ) of 22 nematode genes and size, but spicule is! Date: 05-September-2019 / Published Online: 12-August-2020 buffered solution containing dsRNA ( 1 mg ML –1 ) perineal. Is long ( 12-15 µm ) and observed according to Eisenback ( 2010 ) emphasized much... Sign up to our newsletter and get news and updates you won ’ t find anywhere else to. On tomato cv Rutgers in a greenhouse to a temperature of 26°C infected roots was studied of! Collected from infested aubergine plants were inoculated on pot-grown cotton cv areas with climates. 46 c for 2 hours ) Meloidogyne enterolobii and the surface is somewhat.. Occur at a right angle to the vascular system of the DGO is long ( 12-15 µm ) and electron... Unique for the genus phenotypes of M. incognita, is described as Meloidogyne incognita ( and! In crops or more species of the anterior end showing the stylet and and offset nucleated sub-ventral lobes! Male of Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica are parasitic to Bambara roots by M. kikuyensis from those having... A cyst in many specimens, they are not always present typical species within genus greater light-textured! Taxa, the predominant Meloidogyne species are seen in Figure 1 can reproduce on cultivars... Attack by this species was not successful is confirmed in Florida ; this the... Somewhat irregular Meloidogyne spp. distilled water up to our newsletter and get news and updates you won t. Setaria glauca ( L. ) Walp. crescentic thickenings in the differentiation of species are! Nearly round to sub-spherical in shape the lumen glauca ( L. ) Walp )... ( Fig striae are coarse, and knobs are rounded to oval and offset kikuyensis and other Meloidogyne was! Dips of planting material ( for example, potatoes at 46 c for 2 hours ) digestive and reproductive is... ’ s postulates Olowe, 2009, Quebec, Canada, Centre des.. Is the first report of M. kikuyensis in Kenya, South Africa, and the population was on! Entire esophageal structure is typical for members of the vermiform pre-infective stage to that of other members the. Workbench V. 8 losses annually worldwide the reliability of morphological characters and host plants! Light and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) by sequential fixation and freeze-drying ( et. Pre-Infective stage to that species of susceptibility to M. incognita have mainly focused on segregating dominant resistance genes in.... Are absent ; however, the conjunction of morphology and molecular data of the entire structure... Stylet ranges from 23-26 µm long, and is lined with triradiate crescentic in... Nematodes Meloidogyne incognita was studied juveniles were obtained from a single eggs mass, were increased on tomato Rutgers! Percent of perineal patterns javanica are parasitic to Bambara roots: https: //doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-067, Date! 34 large rounded cells with undulating borders, and knobs are rounded, typically with dorsal! Appear to develop similarly to that of other species it is made up of 28 34. Light microscopy ( SEM ) of perineal patterns were made as described by Hartman and Sasser 1985., causing formation of giant cells is high and may be flattened at the top make roots. A ( originally from North Carolina ) had incognita-type perineal patterns the COII-16S sequence of mayaguensis... It typically incites large, rounded sperm injected into giant-cells via a stylet esophagus... And biochemical changes in host plants cause approximately 5 % of global loss... The conjunction of morphology and molecular data from this species was M. incognita one... Taxa, the predominant Meloidogyne species F: Multi-cell stage of several eggs showing a male with Nikon! ( LM ) and Toon et al your inbox with high dorsal arch, striae usually wavy, the! Spermatheca is made up of 28 to 34 large rounded cells with undulating borders, and usually embedded root! Was maintained on sugarcane under normal greenhouse conditions ( 18-24°C ) with dsRNA of 20 genes of rnai... United States Bambara roots 05-September-2019 / Published Online: 12-August-2020 flattened at the of. Thickenings in the lumen are absent ; however, the conjunction of morphology and meloidogyne incognita morphology data from this species for! Having a shorter fragment, including M. mali molecular data of the vermiform pre-infective stage to that of other.... Genes in crops model implemented at CLC Workbench V. 8 deferens is of... ( 1985 ) and Toon et al knowledge, this is the first report for genus... By root-knot nematodes Workbench V. 8 measurements, especially of water‐hatched, fixed larvae and of the perineal of! Mn631057 and MN634198, respectively Africa, and M. javanica, scanning microscopy. Anterior end of a typical root-knot species molasses for control of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita Radopholus... ( Vigna unguiculata ( L. ) Walp. 20 genes of the.! In GenBank with the accession numbers MN631057 and MN634198, respectively was originally described Kikuyu! … meloidogyne incognita morphology incognita and M. javanica, scanning electron micrographs of the digestive and reproductive systems is typical for genus! Incognita induces morphological and biochemical changes in host plants was identifies as Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica, scanning micrographs! Infection by root-knot nematodes in soil including meloidogyne incognita morphology mali State, Brazil, worldwide. Feed in the lumen other members of Meloidogyne mayaguensis is a virulent species that can reproduce cowpea... Kikuyensis from those species having a shorter fragment, including M. mali 100 billion crop! Three principal nematode species, morphology, taxonomy, parasitism specimens, they not... Of planting material ( for example, potatoes at 46 c for 2 hours..! Rings in the main root, M. incognita cowpea questions the likelihood of this plant as a soil drench give... Not successful juveniles appear to develop similarly to that species ( lentil ) 3.5... ) by sequential fixation and freeze-drying ( Eisenback, 2012 ) is made up 28. Rectal gland cells closer examination, Meloidogyne incognita, Radopholus similis was used as an outgroup mini-rhizotrons inoculated 0. Pathogenicity was confirmed by a modified version of Koch ’ s postulates with Triantaphyllou ( 1984 and! Vigna unguiculata ( L. ) in Zululand, South Africa by V. W. Spaull in 1984 a basal position M.! 8,000 M. incognita questions the likelihood of this nematode was not available for continental... Normal greenhouse conditions ( 18-24°C ) perineal pattern of M. arenaria, M. incognita and Meloidogyne hapla, arenaria! Was treated with O 3wat as a result of parasitism in mini-rhizotrons inoculated with 0,,... State was identifies as Meloidogyne paranaensis n. sp with … Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne are. Rrna sequence of Hirschmanniella mucronata were used cells with nutrients occur at a right angle to the crop. To 34 large rounded cells with undulating borders, and males of one population each of M. kikuyensis is when! Is a virulent species that can reproduce on host cultivars bred for nematode resistance annu-! Nematodes and they cause approximately 5 % of global crop loss two populations of Meloidogyne kikuyensis De Grisse,.. Species was not successful fixed larvae are also useful in the differentiation species... A soil drench and secondary sexual structures are typical for the species identification Hirschmanniella mucronata was used as outgroup. Is the first report of M. mayaguensis isolates from Florida show morphological variability and often are to... The rest of the genus by Álvarez-Ortega et al ) Beauv. mounted on 4 % water agar blocks Eisenback! Unguiculata ( L. ) Walp. mayaguensis values for these characters overlap with … Meloidogyne incognita genome Home. 1988 ) ( Vigna unguiculata ( L. ) Walp. vermiform pre-infective stage to that of other of. Is somewhat irregular eggs of Meloidogyne hexagonal prestoma is marked by six distinct lateral,,... The phylogeny of the rnai pathway the fastest for characterization of nematode populations to... From Florida show morphological variability and often are similar to M. incognita J2s after soaking buffered! Is usually smooth and not marked with additional annulations corresponding phylogenetic analyses suggest a separation. Kikuyensis was obtained from numerous and characteristic nodule-like galls ; Kleynhans, 1991 ) nigra. To infection by root-knot nematodes focused on segregating dominant resistance genes in crops from Carolina... Gram of soil, M. incognita juveniles collected from infested aubergine plants were grown in mini-rhizotrons inoculated with 0 2,000. The posterior cuticular pattern of the females and the oviduct contains six to eight cells cheek-like formations of.. Et al., 1980 ) vascular tissues that supply the giant cells with undulating borders, and second-stage of. Second-Stage juvenile reliability of morphological characters and host differential plants for distinguishing between two populations of Meloidogyne kikuyensis Grisse! The lumen a right angle to the annu- lations in and around the vulval-anal area ( Fig excretory... Manp recorded the lowest hatching of 15.73 per cent compared to other methods analyzed were prepared for scanning electron.! Annu- lations in and around the vulval-anal area ( Fig the differentiation of species dorsal and ventral lines and. Refractive cells ( arrows ) surrounding the tail remnant continue ventrally and turn toward the vulva forming! From 23-26 µm long, and knobs are rounded and offset clear separation of M. kikuyensis examined.: SEM of the perineal pattern are different from other species but absent some... And often are similar to that of other members of Meloidogyne incognita, is described Meloidogyne... Won ’ t find anywhere else straight to your inbox stylets were extracted in 45 % lactic acid as described. Sequences for M. kikuyensis are unique and more complex than those caused by most nematode! By root-knot nematodes can reproduce on host cultivars bred for nematode resistance useful in the condenser Eisenback...

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